G.O.S.P.E.L. of Grace — Covenant Community Presbyterian Church

Sin - September 30

Recognizing the Problem

If God, who is perfect love, made us and the world to be drawn into that perfect love and relationship, what went wrong?  How did we end up like this?

If we are honest, it’s not just the news – our lives are pretty messed up as well.  We hide it or deny it or disguise it, but we’re each pretty broken.

All this brokenness, suffering, and evil, has a root cause. It’s what we call sin.

What is Sin?

First, let’s discuss what sin is NOT.  Sin is not merely breaking the arbitrary rules of a capricious and judgmental God.  It is not merely eating an apple, nor is it merely asserting our independence.   These are all conclusions we can draw from Scripture, but the Reveal of the gospel, the second story, helps us see a different picture entirely.

If God is, at his core, a perfect loving relationship of Three Persons, and if we were made for the purpose of being draw into that relationship, then sin is quite simply a rejection of God. 

The Bible uses different metaphors for this rejection.  Adultery is a common theme.  God is often described as the faithful husband whose wife has run off with other men – not once and in secret, but brazenly and repeatedly. 

My person favorite description of sin is as self-centeredness.  If the core of God’s character is other-centeredness, this beautiful Trinity, and if Jesus’ life was about God’s self-sacrificing love for us, then the opposite of God’s character is self-centeredness.  And yet every one of us can resonate with the recognition of selfishness in our lives.  Robbing a bank is selfish; so is gossip.  Adultery is selfish; so is looking lustfully at a person.  I may not have done the same selfish acts as another, but at the center of my life is the same self-centeredness that I share with all people.

And here’s the final, essential piece of this reveal; sin isn’t primarily about the actions we take, but the source of those actions.  For an alcoholic to finally become sober and whole again, he or she must recognize that alcohol isn’t the problem.  Alcohol is the symptom; I am the problem.

This is true for every person.  We tend to see sin primarily as specific acts and choices and mistakes.  Like any addict, we can deny the reality that is so clear to everyone else; I am self-centered.  I am the adulterous spouse. 

God is a Relationship, and we rejected that relationship.


The Effects of Sin

Read Genesis 3.

This is a story about our rejection of God, and not vice versa.  It is our decision to choose what (we think) will make us happy at the expense of the only request he has ever made of us – to trust him.  It is our choice, after choosing not to trust him, to run and hide when he comes. 

Sadly, in this story there are no signs whatsoever of a desire on our part to return to God.  But, despite this sin, there are still signs of his desire to continue to love and care for us.  He walks towards us … this is huge, because God could have easily walked the other way, and been done with this experiment of humanity.  He seeks us out.  He curses us, yes, but even the curse is a protection – eternal life without him is literally hell.  He provides clothing – meeting us in our needs, even though those needs arose from our sin.

Notice that our relationship with God is broken, almost entirely on our part, and that this is not an easily solvable situation; how do you call someone back to love you who has chosen to reject you?

Notice as well that our rejection of God has a profound affect on our human relationships as well.   Our response to sin is almost always what we see in this story – shame and blame.

Adam and Eve become aware of themselves and their nakedness and are ashamed.  Note that the first result of the broken relationship with God is self-centeredness. 

Adam and Eve were naked before, but too caught up in the beauty of God reflected in creation and in each other to worry about how they were perceived.  Now their eyes are lowered.  Before, they had nothing to hide.  Now, they are ashamed of themselves.

And of course, the blame game at the end of this story should sound overwhelmingly familiar.  Don’t we do this almost every time we’re confronted with our own mistakes?  Rather than owning up to them, we find excuses to pass the responsibility for our actions off to another.

Where do we go from here?

When we finally face the truth about our situation, we tend to have four false hopes in which we try to find for a solution to our sin.

Four False Hopes
1.     Ourselves – I will try harder and be a better person
2.     Others – My friend or loved one will complete me
3.     The World – Money/Power/Fame/Success will satisfy me
4.     Religion – My good actions will outweigh my bad ones

All are an attempt to fix our problem without giving up our self-centeredness, without returning to the Father, Son and Spirit.

We desperately need to recognize that the problem is us, and therefore, beyond us to solve.

It’s not that we broke a rule; its that we fundamentally dislike God at his core.  We don’t want a relationship with the Relationship.  He is pure selflessness, and we have chosen self-centeredness.

This doesn’t sound like good news – but it is.  Because we cannot solve a problem until we diagnose it.  Until we can look at our self-centeredness and own it – not flee in shame or escape with blame – we cannot even hope to change.  Moreover, until we see sin as our rejection of God, and not his anger and rejection of us, then we cannot understand what the good news – that Jesus saves sinners – really means.

Next week, as we turn to the story of how God pursues us and rescues us despite our sin, I hope you remember that Jesus doesn’t just save us from our minor mistakes – i.e. when I was in third grade I used the Lord’s name in vain – he saves us from ourselves.  He saves us from our rebellion and adultery and self-centeredness.  This is why the gospel is such good news.

Ourselves - September 23

Class Notes

What is core to your identity?  So central that to change it makes you no longer you?  If you were suddenly NOT a parent, would you still be you?  If you somehow were born somewhere else, would you be you?  If your values change? 

Obviously, all those questions are somewhat difficult, because who you are is, at some level, in constant flux.  But what about God?  God is not like us; he does not change.  So this is a very different question with God – what is core to God’s identity?

Of course, as we read Scripture we realize that God is also a Person, and therefore revealing his identity is just as complex as revealing our own.  That’s why it took thousands of years to prepare for Jesus, and thousands more to wrestle with what we learned in encountering Jesus.

God is Trinity

But there is one aspect of God’s identity that is emphasized again and again in the Old Testament.  We find it in Deuteronomy 6:4 – The LORD is One.

This idea that there is one God, and that he is a Person with whom we can have a relationship (and want a relationship) is profound.  All of the Old Testament wrestles with this idea – how can we have God’s presence with us?  How can we as a people have a covenant with this ONE God?  How can we as individuals connect to this One God?

But then something dramatic happens in the New Testament.  We begin to hear that God is not ONLY ONE, but that he is also Three. 

Read John 14:6-11, and 16-17.

This is the first part of the reveal – first part of the second narrative – God is One and Three.

Understanding the Trinity

Bad metaphors - Water analogy (solid, liquid, gas), or the idea that God is one guy wearing different hats.  We imagine God is Father, Son and Spirit like I am a father, a son, a friend, etc.  There is a huge problem with this!  When the Son dies on the cross, all of God does not die; if so, everything would have ceased to exist.  I cannot crucify my “friend hat” in any meaningful way.  More importantly, I cannot have a relationship with my other hats.  Traditionally this error is called "Modalism."

There are some metaphors that are useful, such as the perichoresis (Circle-dance), but the best metaphor we have is that of marriage.

Core metaphor – Marriage, Relationship of the co-equal, co-eternal Persons. 

Imagine a marriage where we share all the same interests, do everything together, are completely centered on the other, have no selfish desires, and have been growing closer for billions of years.  Now imagine that we are not separated by physical bodies – what makes us separate?  What makes us one?  This is a very human, but hopefully helpful, explanation of what Trinity means.

Because the Trinity is three Persons who are united as One, like a husband and wife are united and become one, we can speak of them as individual Persons or as one unified whole.

Jesus gives us names for the Persons of the Trinity - Father, Son and Spirit (or Father, Word, Spirit).  Note that these are names, not jobs.

 

 
 


False narrative – Trinity is such a deep theological concept that it’s beyond my understanding.

True narrative – Trinity is part of the key that unlocks the love story of God.


God as Relationship – the First Reveal

When we read the Bible with this lens, this second narrative, we see the evidence of God as relationship all over.  No place in the OT is more obvious, however, than in the story of creation.

Read Genesis 1:26-28.  Note the language – “Let US make man in OUR image, in OUR likeness”.  

What does this tell us about Ourselves?

First – the most important Ourselves is not us Christians but the Ourselves of God – the Father, Son and Spirit.

But this is also the most fundamental insight into our human lives.  John Calvin, the theological father of our Presbyterian tradition, began his most famous book by saying, “true and sound wisdom consists of two parts: the knowledge of God and of ourselves.  But, while joined by many bonds, which one precedes and brings forth the other is not easy to discern.”

In other words, in understanding ourselves we understand God, and in understanding God, we begin to understand ourselves.

This passage in Genesis makes this overwhelmingly clear.  We are in God’s image.  What does this mean?  Fundamentally, we are relational beings.  We can relate to each other, to animals, even to pencils!


And what is our purpose?  Why did God create us?  So that we can be in relationship with Him.  It wasn’t’ because he was lonely – because he is Trinity – and it wasn’t because he was bored – because he is Trinity – but because he wanted be more of who he was – he wanted to draw us into the perfect love he already had.  Because that is what Love does.  Real love loves the unworthy; real love loves without encouragement or motivation beyond love itself.

Any parent knows this. 

Parenting advice – when should you have children?  Having kids is tough – it takes extra love, beyond what is needed just for marriage.  You need to have enough to overflow into the life of an overwhelmingly needy creature who offers you, at least initially, almost nothing in return.  Your marriage is the source of strength and love for your parenting.

When did God create the world and us?  When there was so much love between the persons of the Trinity that they chose to spill over into something new.


Good News - September 16

Class Notes

In many ways we can relate our knowledge of God to a detective story. There is a “first narrative” that includes most of the story where the detective is trying to piece together an incredibly confusing mystery. 

Then, near the very end of the movie or book, there is a “second narrative” told by the detective. It is the shocking “reveal” that suddenly makes the long, winding, confusing first part of the story snap into focus. 

This "reveal" forever changes how we see the entire first narrative. If we re-watch the movie or re-read the book, everything seems so obvious and so clearly confirms the detective’s account. It becomes impossible, actually, to read the story without filtering everything through the reveal of the second narrative. 

Our encounter with God is very similar to the detective story genre. We come to know God through his self-disclosure, or self-revelation, and that comes primarily through the Bible.
The gospel is the Reveal of God’s story. It’s the second narrative that makes sense of the whole story of God and mortals. When we get the gospel, we can no longer read the Old Testament (or the New Testament) without seeing the gospel as the overarching and obvious message throughout. When we get the gospel, we also can no longer see our own lives without filtering everything through the gospel – God’s great reveal.  It’s the box-top that shows us how the pieces (of the Bible, and of our lives) come together.

"Gospel" comes from the Greek word meaning "good news". 

Tim Keller makes three excellent points about this “good news.”
1. The gospel is Good News, not Good Advice. News is about what has already happened, not what we have to do to make something happen.
2. The gospel is Good News announcing that we have been rescued or saved. Of course, we must discuss what we have been rescued FROM. The normal answer is “sin”, but we will spend an entire class discussing what that really means.
3. The gospel is news about what has been done by Jesus Christ to put right our relationship with God. The gospel is ALL about Jesus. There is no good news without Jesus. 

A great summary of the Gospel: Jesus saves sinners!

The Gospel has two equal and opposite enemies. They are religion, and irreligion. Or moralism and relativitism.

Religion, or moralism, says we must be good to earn our own reward. This is the core of all religions except Christianity. At the heart of religion is repetition of our greatest sin – trying to make it in life without needing God – and a rejection of the gospel, the good news that Jesus saves sinners.

Irreligion, or relativitism, says we are rewarded because of our intrinsic goodness, regardless of what choices we make in life. At the heart of irreligion is a rejection of justice and accountability for our own choices, and more fundamentally, of the concepts of good and evil. Relativitism says that sinners don’t need to be saved.  (Note - we called this "Moral Therapeutic Deism" on Sunday).

The gospel stands against both religion and irreligion, against moralism and relativitism. We believe our choices matter, and that real good and evil exists in the world. We also believe that we need Jesus to rescue us; we cannot fix our situation on our own.

Questions (Comment here or reflect on your own):

Have you experienced that first narrative confusion, either in your life or in the Bible?  Think about what it is like to try and navigate through those situations without a clear, overarching story to bring clarity to your suffering, or the Bible's commandments.

Why are we tempted to change the gospel from good news to good advice?

Have you ever been a part of a church community that preached either "religion" or "relativism" instead of gospel?  Did you notice at the time that it was different, or it it seem normal to you then?  

G.O.S.P.E.L. of Grace - Class Outline and Objectives

Course Objectives:

1.     Equip participants with the ability to clearly articulate the gospel
2.     Equip participants to utilize the Gospel as a lens through which both life and Scripture can be read
3.     Establish new and meaningful relationships between participants in the class

Typical Format:

20-30 minutes of teaching
30-40 minutes of discussion (potentially in multiple small groups)

Course Outline:

G.O.S.P.E.L. is an acronym to help us understand and remember the gospel, the central message of God throughout time delivered fully in Jesus Christ.  One letter of that acronym will be discussed each week.

September 16th – G – Good News
September 23rd – O – Ourselves
September 30th – S – Sin
October 7th        – P – Payment
October 14th      – E – Expectations
October 21st       – L – Life Eternal

Blog Use and Participation:

Each week after class, a class summary will be posted on this blog, along with a discussion question.  We hope you will take time to visit the site occasionally engage in some ongoing conversations there.

Requests:

Attendance.  Of course you may need to miss the occasional class; however, we ask that you attempt to be as regular as possible, as the course is designed as a logical progression; classes will typically build upon prior material.  Of course, if you do miss a class, you can visit the class blog to see an overview of the previous week’s material.

Fearlessness.  This course is designed to tackle huge topics; please don’t hesitate to ask questions, challenge what you hear, or be open about challenges.  The more you engage, the more you will benefit!